China ceramic future

Created based on the reality of survival depend on, the reality of life wish is to create the momentum. To participate in their own cultural characteristics of the contemporary global cultural construction, to achieve their own form of certification, perhaps the goal of the contemporary arts. China's modern ceramic art should lead to our own cultural background and experience to survive, and that point to the present and future.

Values of the building at the same time, rising to the height of theories. This refers not only in theory, representations of China's modern ceramics have a value of the capacity at the same time in the current criticism should be on a strong team. Up to now, modern ceramics is more logical in theory have not seen the full text, or to see some criticism on the text, most of the ceramics will be inclined to take disciplinary criticism ceramic comment on the history and cultural criticism, but lack of discipline-based language Construction of opinions.

Chinese potters works

In modern Chinese potters works, hidden in two major illnesses, the first is the exaggerated individualism of the blind, shows the seriousness of high aesthetic ignorance or tired. The individual spirit of the day-to-day worship, to a large extent on the connivance of the individual and random way of life and psychological feeling of laissez-faire, was innocent repeat the form of language abuse, making the lack of artistic creation from the perspective of social and cultural survival of feelings of self-involvement, perhaps this is Is the modern Chinese culture in general lack the basic quality of protection. This is China's "modern" of individualism and the recognition of the results brought about by the development of the defects. The second is still on the blind pursuit of technology, this is a classical Chinese ceramics regret. Although the aesthetic of modern ceramics in the performance of the same material dependence, but blindly in the interpretation of material on the avid and experiment, but only showing a landscape material, but also can not edit works of the spirit of the pale. "Ceramics" is ceramic, mud do fire, but also how art is made of raw materials, its significance in the works as a text in the article the meaning of the text itself does not live, ceramic materials and art itself has no direct relationship , And art is far from ideal. Although the exploration of ceramic materials is no end of the road, but, it is necessary to construct the contemporary cultural context of modern Chinese ceramic art monument, we can not stay in the mud and material experiments on fire.

Modern ceramic art

In nearly 20 years of the Enlightenment and the development of modern Chinese ceramics seems to be set up with a platform for dialogue between Western ceramics, but can not find the originator of modern ceramics in China's domestic reasons, and their own values. China's modern ceramics nearly 20 years of achievement, it was woven in the western value system of "exotic", as the Venice of the House of revenue recognition, who is the values at work .

At present, China can only say that the modern ceramic art, out of the language of their own traditional ceramic style insurgency. Spirit and personality of the materials involved in the initial stage. The goal for the future also depends on the specific values of its own certification. Western has been the face of the growing maturity of the success of modern ceramics, pottery in China do to catch up with people always be in the state, however, there is only difference in the arts, does not go beyond. Passive to catch up with their own state led to the loss of value orientation.

Chinese traditional ceramic materials

Chinese traditional ceramic materials from the magic of the production process to the aesthetic form, the world's cultural phenomenon, the original value of significance to long to write a chapter in China. Said it was behind closed doors, but to create their own values in such a brilliant brilliant.

Today the face of China's modern ceramic art, can be said Wei Wei spectacular landscape of the West ceramics. Whether the material scope of means, the form of language and the spirit of individual performance, as well as in non-simple visibility of the material, the performance of diversified media, in public and the environment in the use of the achievements have greatly exceeded the The experience of Chinese ceramic art. This makes modern ceramics in the West, not the same statement said.

China's ceramic culture

In the development of modern Chinese ceramics coordinates, covered with ceramic object of reference of the West, if slightly Buliu Shen others will fall into the trap of the results, digestion out its own significance, and this is the art of aggressive.

In contemporary art, and inadvertently Jingyi, China's modern ceramic art, with billowing from the various art forms hurry the road, in the mainstream art on the edge of the constantly growing self-confidence, participation and influence of China's modern art change.

Although, as all kinds of modern ceramic art, strongly find their own future possibilities, thus re-definition of art, is also trying to transcend the times irrational, with the means to show the spirit of artistic adventure, to show life force. However, the growth of the arts, has never ceased to exist from the external effects of pure self-construction, due to various historical and practical reasons, the value of China's modern ceramics and embarrassing situation of coexistence. This article on the potential value in modern Chinese ceramics behind the embarrassing situation of the following exposition.

Ceramic Color of the major components

The color of porcelain glaze and fetal or minerals contained in the closely related components, the same mineral content of the ingredients because that can change a different color. Pottery containing iron oxide usually produced the clay, because sintering temperature and different degrees of oxidation, the color is yellow, brown-red, brown, gray and other colors. Add in the clay minerals other components, can also fired into the other color, but rare. And the porcelain has always been matched with species richness and variety, are briefed as follows: (L) Celadon: Oxfam green high-temperature glaze porcelain. Green enamel of the main color material is iron oxide, the content of 2 percent. Glaze as the number of iron oxide content, the thickness of the glaze and iron oxide reduction of the level of high and low, showing a depth of different colors of different colors. If more iron oxide in the glaze to restore ferrous oxide, then glaze on the side Green, otherwise Pianhuang, and this atmosphere of the firing. Roasting pottery firing atmosphere that the nature of the flame, the flame oxidation, reduction and Yan Yan are neutral. Full of flame burning that fuel the flames generated carbon dioxide; reduction in fuel flame is burning in the course of hypoxia, a large amount of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, hydrogen, such as carbonation of the flame; neutral flame is something in between. Use of flame firing, glaze, yellow; flame burning with the partial reduction Green. Celadon often "a film" to decorative items, the so-called open-glaze porcelain layer is the result of births, glaze expansion coefficient different and the crack. The Geyao handed down to the surface for the combined size of a film, small-profile yellow, black large profile, it is "Watkins wire," said. Southern Song Dynasty GUANYAO good application of the most open-and-child thin (Cheng Hui, black), the enamel layer rich (a powder blue, yellow fire, Qinghui, and other colors) the characteristics and utensils Kouyan down because of the glaze and Wei Lu fetal color and utensils at the end of As the pie pad foot pad and open burning tyres, I said, "I Rail Purple Foot," to peace. Yue Yao-celadon and well-known to the world, his works show a special "Yuguotianqing" color, texture Rubing Siyu, after spread to foreign countries, a Chinese porcelain masterpiece.

(2) and porcelain: Oxfam black high-temperature glaze porcelain. Glaze in the iron oxide content in more than 5 percent. Shang and Zhou when the original black porcelain, when the Eastern Han Dynasty Shangyu kiln fired porcelain glazing thickness of the black uniform, a black glaze, Heihe and several species of large number of species to the Song Dynasty Heiyou there. Jian kilns which produced the Tu Hao Wen, Wen drip, Yao changed, and so Chawan, is due to the higher volume of iron in the glaze, kiln firing a longer holding time, the reduction in the flame burning, the glaze in the large number of iron oxide crystal precipitation , Finished Liuguangyicai show that the special pattern, each one carefully looking both self faction, is rare for the precious tea.

(3) white porcelain: Oxfam transparent or opaque white high-temperature glaze porcelain. In a long-term practice, kiln master craftsman to further change the rules of the porcelain was produced in celadon on the basis of reducing the content of iron oxide in the glaze, use of flame burning, white glaze general in the pan-green or yellow, Reduction flame burning glaze Fanqing, "Green white porcelain", "Green Show" said. Tang Dynasty white porcelain production has been highly developed, the most important skills excellence of the North Xingyao, produced by the white porcelain such as silver like snow, with a time of the Southern Yue Yao famous porcelain production, the WHO said the "North-South Green."

(4) Color Youci: a single application of various colors for the high-temperature Youci collectively. The main coloring agent with iron oxide, copper oxide, oxidation and drilling. To the iron oxide as a coloring agent Qingyou, Heiyou, Seyou sauce, such as Huang You. With copper oxide as a coloring agent of the Begonia RED GLAZE, Mei Guizi glaze, red glaze, Shek RED GLAZE, RED GLAZE, cowpea RED GLAZE, are reducing flame burning, burning flame if oxide, a green glaze. To cobalt oxide for the coloring agent of porcelain, fired after the deep blue mixed. In addition, the yellow-green crystalline glaze is also an iron color Youci, commonly known as "tea at the end."

(5) Caici: You Xia Cai Cai Glazed porcelain and collectively. You Xia Cai is the first porcelain in the blanks on the pigment used for decoration, Zaishi green, yellow or colorless, transparent glaze, fired from the heat. Glazed pottery is the color of porcelain in the firing on all kinds of pigment used mapping patterns, and then from the low-temperature baking.

(6) blue and white: You Xia Cai one of the species, also known as "white glaze blue and white." In the green and white on the use of cobalt oxide pigment绘成logo pattern, Oxfam, transparent glaze, firing at high temperature. In the firing, the use of flame when the dark blue and white color, with reduction flame is bright blue and white color.

(7) You Lihong: You Xia Cai one of the species. The porcelain on the green with copper oxide with the pigment to draw logo pattern, and then Oxfam transparent glaze, the reduction produced from high-temperature flame.

(8) Choi Doo: You Xia Glazed blue and white and color combination of varieties, also known as the "amuse color." First in the blue and white porcelain used on the green pigment drawn hook pattern as the contour, who used high-temperature firing a transparent glaze, and then as the contour in the red, yellow, green, purple and other colors painted filled by low-temperature Baking from. In addition to filling color, there are points Choi, and Choi, with several types of color.

(9) multicolored: Glazed varieties of color, also known as the "hard color." In the white porcelain has been fired, with red, green, yellow and purple color paints, and other logo pattern, from the low-temperature baking.

(10) Fencai: Glazed varieties of color, also known as "soft color." In the firing of porcelain on the use of arsenic with the "white glass" primer, then paint color rendering all kinds of painting, from the low-temperature baking.

(11) Fa Langcai: Glazed varieties of color, also known as "Citai painted enamel," top firing on the white porcelain, and enamel paint materials. Enamel compound of the main components of borate and silicate, with the different metal oxides, with low humidity after baking a variety of colors, mostly yellow, green, red, blue, purple and other colors for the end, then Painting all kinds of flowers, birds, landscapes and Zhu Dan, such as design, decoration is a sense of uplift.

Ceramics main ingredient

Ceramic materials, including kaolin, clay, Cidan, porcelain clay, coloring agent, blue and white material, lime glaze, lime and other alkaline glaze. Kaolin ceramic materials, is a major component of the kaolinite clay. First of all because of Jingdezhen in Jiangxi Province in northeast China found that the high Village named. It's chemistry experiment-to: Al203 2Si02 2H20, followed by the percentage of weight: 39.50%, 46.54%, 13.96%. Pure kaolin or dense pine for the massive dredging, the appearance of a white, light grey. Contaminated by other impurities, was Heihe, pink, yellow rice, with Huani flu, easy Yong Shounie into powder, white color after calcination, Naihuo Du, is a fine Zhici raw materials. Clay ceramic material is a water-cut aluminum silicate minerals, from long-rock category after a long-term role of weathering and geological formation. It is a variety of micro-mineral mix, the main chemical composition of silica, alumina and crystal water, while containing a small amount of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal oxides, such as oxides and coloring. Clay has a unique combination of plasticity and its water swelling can pinch-run Liancheng will, and create the required shape, after the roast has become hard dense. This performance, constitute the basis of ceramics produced by the process. Clay is the basis of ceramics production of raw materials, widely distributed in nature, reserves, variety, is a valuable natural resources.

Cidan also produced porcelain of raw materials, is a by quartz, sericite composition, and a number of feldspar, kaolin, such as the rock-like mineral. A dense block, look for white, gray, yellow and white, gray and green, and some were shiny glass, and some were Tuzhuang shiny, section Changcheng Beike Zhuang, no texture. Cidan itself contains a variety of ceramic components and have Zhici process and firing the required performance. China's very early to make use of Cidan porcelain, in particular, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian and other places in the production of traditional Xici, as the main raw materials are Cidan.

Porcelain clay from kaolin, feldspar, quartz and other components, mainly composed of silica and alumina, and contains a small amount of iron oxide, titanium dioxide and calcium oxide, magnesium, potassium and sodium, such as oxidation. The plasticity and it can combine both high performance, high Naihuo Du, is being widely used Zhici raw materials.

Coloring agent in the presence of fetal ceramic, enamel, from the color role. Ceramics are common coloring agent of iron oxide, copper oxide, cobalt oxide, manganese oxide, titanium dioxide, respectively, showed the red, green, blue, purple, yellow and other colors.

Liu Qinghua Ci is blue and white drawing of decoration materials, cobalt soil minerals. China's relatively rich blue and white material reserves, the Leping in Jiangxi Province, on high, Shangrao, Fengcheng, Ganzhou, the Jiangshan, Zhejiang, Yunnan's Yi Liang, Huize, Yung-feng, Ho, Song Ming, as well as Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian and other places are A soil cobalt ore deposits. Ancient China's Qinghua Ci part of the blue and white material from abroad, most are domestic. Materials are imported from the Tsing Ma Su, Huiqing, a material commonly used in Chinese stone Green, equality Green, Zhejiang expected, Chu-ming Liu, and so on.

Lime glaze is the main material of calcium oxide (Cao), help from melting, characterized by a high-temperature viscosity small, easy-glaze, glazed glass texture strong, transparent, generally thin enamel layer, glazed sheen strong, clearly Characterization and decoration, most of the Southern Song Dynasty porcelain before using lime glaze.

Alkaline lime glaze major components for help melt potassium and calcium oxide material (K2o), sodium oxide (Na20), and other basic metal oxide. Viscosity is characterized by high temperature, difficult-glaze, Shi thick glaze. In high-temperature baking process, the glaze in the air can not emerged glazed in the glaze in the formation of many small bubbles, the remaining glaze in a certain number of undissolved particles of quartz, and a large number of anorthite crystallization. These small bubbles, particles of quartz and feldspar crystallization of calcium to enter the enamel layer in the light scattering, making the glaze becomes opaque and opaque layer, creating a Wenrunruyu visual effects. Alkaline lime glaze of the invention and use of traditional celadon of the tremendous progress. Alkaline lime glaze seen in the Northern Song Dynasty in Ruyao Qing porcelain. Longquan the Southern Song Dynasty porcelain kiln used a lot of lime alkaline glaze, glaze emerged as Qingyu like texture, such as powder blue, green plums. It can be said that the Southern Song Dynasty Longquan celadon ceramic history of China has reached single-Seyou's peak.

Ceramics from clay

Ceramics from clay, quartz and feldspar and other natural mineral raw materials prepared by different formula, the processing, forming and firing derived from its chemical composition depends on the use of natural raw materials and formulas, different in different regions of the ancient pottery kilns because I used The different materials, different formulations of the burning process and the different, the chemical composition of fetal glaze, microstructure and physical properties will have their own characteristics. If the collection of different kiln at the mouth to explore the formation of a reliable ceramic samples systematically studied, the accumulation of data such as chemical composition of the data (including primary and secondary elements and trace elements in the content) the establishment of a database and use the appropriate approach For example, multiple methods such as statistical analysis of the data processing, to identify characteristics of significance with the law. To identify the chemical composition of the ceramics, microstructure, physical properties and burning technology, and other aspects of research, and its chemical composition data and the known kiln in the mouth and the chemical composition of ancient ceramics data to compare treatment And then integrated microstructure, physical properties and burning the areas of information technology could make the identification of ceramics.

Ceramic is the mixture of ingredients in particular many and complex, but according to the origin of different ceramic components are also different. Its main ingredient is silica and silicate (aluminum, calcium silicate, etc.).

Crystal ceramic is a colorless, transparent large mineral quartz crystal

Crystal ceramic is a colorless, transparent large mineral quartz crystal. It is the main chemical composition silica, with the ordinary sand is the "same Niangtai" of a substance. When the time is perfect crystalline silica crystal; silica gel dehydration after the agate; moisture content of silica gel solidified after a Opal; silica grain less than a few microns, on the composition of chalcedony, Flint, secondary quartzite.

Chemical formula for SiO2. Colorless, transparent pure quartz crystal is a variant. In the chemical composition of Si-46.7%, O-53.3%. Containing a different mix of machinery or mixed with a variety of colors and the. Purple and green by Rail (Fe2 +) ion of color, purple may also be titanium (Ti4 +) due to other colors by the color center by the color. In the presence of crystal-like sand, debris-like-iron ore, hematite, rutile, magnetite, garnet, chlorite, such as inclusion, in the crystal are visible to the naked eye may contain hair-like needle-like mineral inclusions Formation. Manganese and iron, said Zishui Jing; iron (a gold or Ningmeng Se) said Huang Crystal; manganese and titanium Mei Guise who was said Rosa quartz; tobacco smoke color, said Crystal; brown say Chajing; transparent black Who called Mojing; Cheng Qian, known as the green-pulp.

Ceramic production process of adaptation

Ceramic production process of adaptation. Refers to the production process in line with the market changing the characteristics of many species can be flexible for small batch production, as we continue to meet the needs of the community adaptability. An enterprise to achieve a reasonable production process, apart from front to achieve four basic requirements, should have the adaptability of the production process this request. That is, when a change in product variety, can use the least investment, with the fastest speed, flexibility to adjust the production process in order to smooth and timely manner to the people of the production of new products, or products will be obsolete due to be eliminated .

Ceramic Science and Technology due to the continuous development. Ceramics and market new products on the increasing demand, forcing ceramics enterprises should continue to develop new products and product changes can not but consider this factor rational organization of the production process and the problems brought about by the impact. In order to enhance the adaptability, ceramics enterprises not only need to greatly improve the level of science and technology applications and new product research, constantly updating their products, also plans to adopt the assessment method, a group of more varieties and Francis production, and other advanced methods of production organization, The use of adaptive equipment and flexible manufacturing system to adapt to changes in production needs.

From the above organizations on the reasonable ceramic production process the basic requirements, we can see that the continuity of the production process, the ratio of rhythm, parallel and adaptation between the five basic requirements are interrelated, mutual constraints, the production process The proportion of and parallel to achieve continuity of the premise. The proportion of the parallel and continuity is the prerequisite of the realization of rhythm. Therefore, the organization ceramics production process, the need for these basic requirements to be considered comprehensive.

Ceramic production of the parallel process

Ceramic production of the parallel process. That is, at all stages, the parallel between the various processes to conduct cross-operating, their time in a row, in space is co-exist. Not only the production of all the major sectors such as ceramics production of raw materials processing, molding, baking is working in parallel, and a production links in the basic production processes and auxiliary production processes is also working in parallel. Production of the parallel process of shortening the production cycle and accelerate capital turnover,. Reduction in the number of products, production equipment and the rational use of the storage area has an important role and significance.

The production process in parallel, in essence, is to enable the continuity of the production process has been further reflected by a higher demand. To achieve this requirement, we must first maintain the proportion of the production process, otherwise, even if the individual equipment or the manpower shortage, will be a weak link in the whole affected the normal production process.